Two separate and distinct methods of navigation were employed in the Nautilus on her transpolar voyage from the Pacific to Atlantic Oceans in mid-summer 1958.
The author reports...After we emerged from under the ice, obtained a celestial fix, and could again depend on our normal navigational procedures, we knew that either method or system by itself would have been sufficient to ensure a successful passage from the Chukchi Sea, north of Bering Strait, to the Greenland Sea.
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The author reports...After we emerged from under the ice, obtained a celestial fix, and could again depend on our normal navigational procedures, we knew that either method or system by itself would have been sufficient to ensure a successful passage from the Chukchi Sea, north of Bering Strait, to the Greenland Sea.

Navigating Under the North Pole Icecap
On 3 August 1958, the USS Nautilus (SSN-571) became the first submarine to cross the North Pole underneath the Arctic ice cap.