Serious rifle competitors for long range work measure every charge to the fraction of a grain, match bullets precisely by weight, etc. Doint this gives the best/most consistent ammo possible. The great the variability the less consistency you receive.
I don’t know about serious long range shooters today, but I shot competitive benchrest for a number of years back in the 90s. If it was a match no one loaded beforehand, you loaded at the match because conditions always changed and you had to adapt. And we loaded with an arbor press and hand dies.
We bought bullets by the thousands and powder in 8lb kegs with the same lot number.
We didn’t measure every bullet or weigh every charge. Brass and primers were the “unknown” back then. That’s where we had to work. To this day I still hate turning necks. But brass has really improved as have chambering and machining. Tight necks are not as popular anymore.
The consensus was changing a component may or may not open up groups. Remember that a given rifling twist rate produces best accuracy for a given bullet within a fairly narrow velocity range. As a competitive shooter you had your specific barrel that was used with only one to perhaps three different bullet weights, that was about the extent of it.
And there were typically only one or two powder types that produced lowest velocity spreads that keep vertical stringing to a minimum in the PPC. Varying the powder charge weight a few tenths of a grain didn’t have much effect on accuracy. And I used a click measure and weighed once to get my clicks and set it and rarely ever weighed that powder again for that lot of powder.
Primers were probably the biggest contributor to poor accuracy in a properly built match rifle. If they were too hot and not very uniform in their seating, the ignition could be affected and the powder wasn’t burned uniformly from shot to shot. Primer mildness and uniformity were more important at the longer ranges of 200 and 300 yards in Sporter and HV. Good bullets and good barrels and good technique made a rifle competitive. A shooter that could read and adapt to conditions would clean everyone’s clock, every time.
In order of priority: seating depth, neck tension, powder choice and charge was how we rolled.